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- Padma Sambhava (Tibetan Buddhist saint)
- Padmapani (Buddhist bodhisattva)
- Paine, Thomas (writer)
- Painter of the Louvre Bottle (vase painter)
- Palmer, Samuel (artist)
- Pan (Greek god)
- Pandora (Greek legendary figure)
- Papatuanuka (Maori Earth Mother)
- Parattarna (king of Mitanni)
- Parbury, Ishmail (goldsmith)
- Paris (Trojan prince)
- Parmigianino (artist)
- Pars, William (artist)
- Parshvanatha (Jain tirthankara)
- Parvati (Hindu god)
- Paser (Viceroy of Nubia)
- Pasti, Matteo di Andrea de' (medallist)
- Paul (Christian saint)
- Payava (Lykian aristocrat)
- Payne Knight, Richard (collector)
- Pazuzu (demon god)
- Pedro 'the Cruel' (king of Castile)
- Peirithoos (king of the Lapiths)
- Peleus (king of the Myrmidons)
- Penthesileia (queen of the Amazons)
- Peribsen (king of Egypt)
- Perikles (Athenian statesman)
- Perino del Vaga (artist)
- Persephone (Greek goddess)
- Perseus (Greek hero)
- Peruzzi, Baldassare (artist)
- Pescia Romana Painter (vase painter)
- Peter (Christian saint)
- Peter I (tsar of Russia)
- Pether, William (artist)
- Petrie, Sir William Matthew Flinders (archaeologist)
- Pheidias (sculptor)
- Philetairos (ruler of Pergamon)
- Philip (Roman emperor)
- Philip II (king of France)
- Philip II (king of Macedon)
- Philip II (king of Spain)
- Philip III (king of Spain)
- Philip V (king of Spain)
- Philip VI (king of France)
- Phrynos Painter (vase painter)
- Picasso, Pablo Ruíz (artist)
- Pied Piper (ratcatcher of Hamelin)
- Piette, Edouard (archaeologist)
- Pigalle, Jean-Baptiste (artist)
- Pilate, Pontius (Roman governor of Judaea)
- Pilon, Germain (sculptor)
- Pimay (king of Egypt)
- Pingo, Lewis (chief engraver of the Mint)
- Pingo, Thomas (engraver at the Royal Mint)
- Pinudjem (king of Egypt)
- Piranesi, Giovanni Battista (artist)
- Piruz (Sasanian emperor of Iran)
- Pisanello (artist)
- Pissarro, Camille (artist)
- Pistoxenos Painter (vase painter)
- Pistrucci, Benedetto (artist)
- Pitt, William ('the Elder', 1st Earl of Chatham)
- Pius VI (Pope)
- Piye (king of Egypt)
- Pliny 'the Elder' (Roman writer)
- Poggini, Domenico (goldsmith, poet and sculptor)
- Poggini, Gianpaolo (medallist)
- Poliorcetes, Demetrius (king of Macedonia)
- Pollaiuolo, Antonio (artist)
- Polyphemus (legendary giant)
- Pomona (Roman wood nymph)
- Pons, David (watchmaker)
- Pontormo, Jacopo da (artist)
- Pope-Hennessy, Sir John Wyndham (art historian)
- Posada, José Guadalupe (artist)
- Poseidon (Greek god)
- Postnikov, Georgy (medallist)
- Postumus (Roman general)
- Potter, Helen Beatrix (author)
- Poussin, Nicolas (artist)
- Power, Cyril (artist)
- Poynter, Sir Edward John (artist)
- Pozzo, Cassiano dal (antiquarian)
- Prajnaparamita (Buddhist goddess)
- Priestley, Dr Joseph (noncomformist minister and scientist)
- Protesilaos (Greek hero)
- Proust, Antonin (writer)
- Prud'hon, Pierre-Paul (artist)
- Psammetichus I (king of Egypt)
- Psiax (vase painter)
- Ptah (Egyptian god)
- Ptah-Sokar (Egyptian god)
- Ptah-Sokar-Osiris (Egyptian god)
- Ptolemy Apion (king of Cyrene)
- Ptolemy I Soter (king of Egypt)
- Ptolemy II Philadelphos (king of Egypt)
- Ptolemy IV Philopator (king of Egypt)
- Ptolemy V Epiphanes (king of Egypt)
- Ptolemy VIII Physkon (king of Egypt)
- Ptolemy XIII (brother of Cleopatra VII)
- Pu-abi ('queen' of Ur)
- Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore (architect)
- Pygmalion (king of Cyprus)
- Pytheos (sculptor, architect)
- Python (vase painter)