Fragments of a carved stone box
Akkadian dynasty, about 2300-2200 BC
From Ur, southern Iraq
These fragments of carved chlorite were found at Ur by the
excavator Leonard Woolley. They appear to have originally formed a
stone box. Luxury objects like this have been found in temples,
palaces and graves at various sites in Mesopotamia.
The images of struggling animals and humans or demons suggest
that the box was probably made in Iran. Also, southern Iran is one
of the main sources of chlorite, and there was a major production
centre at Tepe Yahya.
On the back of the box is a cuneiform inscription referring to a
military campaign in the east by King Rimush of Agade (Akkad)
(2278-2270).
The empire of Agade was established by Rimush's father, Sargon
(2334-2279 BC) who conquered southern Mesopotamia. Rimush
maintained control over this territory, but according to his
inscriptions, was forced to put down rebellions in Sumer. He also
conquered Elam (in southern Iran). This box may be part of the
booty from one of these campaigns.
A later text records that Rimush was killed by his servants in a
palace conspiracy, and was replaced on the throne by his brother
Manishtushu (2269-2255 BC).
J. Curtis, Ancient Persia (London, The British Museum Press, 1990)